Using the new Sitecore contentsearch api allows you search against a lucene index with very little effort. Examples are a bit short on the ground but using Linq you can find yourself doing something like this to search for an item by name, somewhere within a folder structure:

public void BadSearch(string searchTerm)
{
   var webIndex = ContentSearchManager.GetIndex("sitecore_web_index");
   using (var context = webIndex.CreateSearchContext())
   {
      var results = context.GetQueryable<SearchResultItem>().Where(i =>
         i.Name == searchTerm &&
         i.Path.StartsWith("sitecore/content/stuff/")); // don't do this!
   }
}

This may well work. However you may also run into a Lucene error stating that you are using too many clauses, the default limit is 1024.

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